Aim of this work is to develop and substantiate a theoretical model of a person’s personal and professional self-realization as a tool for assessing the degree of correspondence between the characteristics of professional development and the value orientations and resources of the individual.

Methodology. To achieve this goal, theoretical methods were used: analysis, comparison and generalization of approaches to self-realization of the individual in both domestic and foreign psychology. To develop a theoretical model of personal and professional self-realization, the modeling method was used, within which factors, structural components and criteria for the success of personal and professional self-realization were identified.

Results. The theoretical generalization of approaches to the study of personality self-realization in the relevant domestic and foreign literature led to the conclusion that it is necessary to study this problem from the standpoint of a personal-professional approach, which corresponds to modern trends in the development of psychological knowledge, and to develop appropriate tools for practical application.

Based on a systemic approach and the principle of determinism, we have developed a theoretical model of personal and professional self-realization. The model specifies its structural components, as well as the factors and criteria for the success of personal and professional self-realization.

Theoretical and/or practical significance. On the basis of the developed model of personal and professional self-realization, it is planned to conduct empirical research related to the study of the features of the correlation between the characteristics of professional and personal development. A promising direction in this problematic field can be the study of psychological predictors and strategies for achieving personal and professional self-realization, which in turn can serve as a source of maintaining life satisfaction and psychological well-being of a person.

Aim. Identification of the features of personal reflection as a mechanism of awareness of self-deception by the client in existentially-oriented counseling.

Methodology. On the basis of theoretical analysis and generalization of research by domestic and foreign authors, the concepts of self-deception and personal reflection are clarified, the place of personal reflection in existential counseling as a method of working with clients’ self-deception is determined.

Results. The main characteristics, causes and consequences of self-deception for clients in the practice of psychological counseling, difficulties encountered when working with self-deception, the possibility of using personal reflection in detecting contradictions in the client’s ideas about himself, about the role of Others in the occurrence of psychological problems in the client, taking responsibility for his life and making a choice among alternatives are revealed. It is noted that personal reflection in the existential approach is a means of distinguishing between the true and untrue being of the client, I-real and I-fake. Self-deception is revealed as an integral part of human existence and the resultant of individual experience and interaction of a number of protective mechanisms that perform the functions of reducing the level of existential anxiety and fears and arising in connection with the encounter with the ultimate realities of existence.

Theoretical and/or practical significance. The article offers a brief analysis of the phenomena of personal reflection and deception. The possibilities of personal reflection as a mechanism of awareness of self-deception by the client in existentially-oriented counseling are revealed.

Aim – to clarify some characteristics of the communicative sphere of generation Z representatives (centenials) against the background of inconsistency and lack of scientific knowledge on the problem.

Methodology. The analysis of scientific sources was carried out, which made it possible to detect radically different information about the socio-psychological characteristics of centennials, a local diagnostic study was undertaken using the “Test of Affiliation Motives” by A. Mehrabian and the “Relationship Profile Test” by R. Bornstein.

Results. Data on the average level of expression of affiliation motivation among centennial students were obtained; high indicators of both normative and excessive interpersonal dependence were found, some tendency to manifestations of dysfunctional separation in interpersonal contacts were also stated.

Research implications. The results of the study do not allow us to conclude that there is a low tendency to affiliation, a tendency to introversion and escapism among Z-generation students.

Aim. Analysis of the relationship between individual psychological characteristics and ideas about COVID-19 and adaptive response (implementation of preventive measures and vaccination support) in a pandemic situation.

Methodology. The online survey involved 2786 people (33.1% of men and 66.9% of women) aged 14 to 82 from different regions of Russia. Respondents performed the following techniques: the Big Five Inventory-2 test, The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) by C.D. Spielberger, The Coping Strategy Indicator (CSI) by J.H. Amirkhan; author’s technique “Ideas about the pandemic”.

Results. The pandemic perceptions (vulnerability to the coronavirus, self-efficacy, pandemic impact assessments, awareness of COVID-19 and its causes) were found to be prerequisites for the implementation of prevention measures and a positive attitude towards vaccination. Personality traits and coping strategies have also been shown to predict adaptive responses to the pandemic.

Research implications. The results of the study contribute to the study of the problem of psychological adaptation of people to the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim. An empirical study of the content of a psychological debt contract with the aim of further developing a methodology for its diagnosis.

Methodology. An extended application of the concept of “psychological contract” is proposed, which can be used for the analysis of debt interaction. Psychological debt contract governs the relationship between the borrower and the lender (the latter can be either an individual or an organization), in which there is both an explicit and implicit agreement on mutual exchange. To clarify the structure of a debt psychological contract, an “associative experiment” was used, 76 sessions in total, 2200 associations were obtained. The core and the periphery of social representations about debt interaction according to P. Vergиs are highlighted. Core social representations about different types of debt interactions made it possible to identify stable elements of a debt psychological contract.

Results. Psychological debt contract as a type of psychological contract is an exchange of obligations (what I do or should do) and expectations (what the other does or should do) regarding the size of the loan – a large or small amount, its cost – the presence or absence of interest, the interaction time – short-term or long-term, the clarity of the conditions, return (total, delayed or defaulted), the number of participants in the interaction and its evaluation (rational, emotional and value-based).

Theoretical and/or practical significance. The study contributes to understanding the mechanisms of people’s debt behavior and makes it possible to develop a methodology of a psychological debt contract diagnostics.

Aim. To analyze the characteristics of cultures, which generate and organize the processes of social, mass, and collective meaning-making and influence the choice of a particular form of behavior.

Methodology. The training of cross-cultural communication has been on developing the typology of cultures was worked out. It was based on the sample of more thaan 2282 people aged from 17 to 31. The effectiveness of using the developed socio-cultural typology of cultures within the psychological training of cross-cultural communication was verified in the frame of the empirical study.

Results. The developed and vewrified training contributed to raising of the communication barriers The basis of communicative barriers is the emotional sphere, because feelings, the form of their expression and the content are socially stipulated. Art is a means of cross-cultural communication because emotional attachment is part of the language of art. Purposeful creation of conditions for cross-cultural communication, based on the readiness and ability to identify, understand and operate the communication systems of other cultures, is possible within the framework of the semiotic approach.

Research implications. The issue of cross-cultural communication research continues to be a topical problem of modern social psychology. The components and conditions of the emergence and implementation of cross-cultural communication act as the basis for the implementation of joint interaction of social groups, as well as the social mobility of the individual.

Aim. Study of the psycho-emotional state of Russian citizens during the period of the COVID-19 illness.

Methodology. The study was conducted in October-November 2021. The sample consisted of 168 respondents (citizens of the Russian Federation) who had suffered the COVID-19, aged 22 to 62 years. As a research method, a content analysis of retrospective written self-reports of study participants about the period of illness was used.

Results. The content analysis method allowed us to identify 12 significant contexts around which respondents’ statements related to their personal assessment of their psychological state during illness are grouped (fear, anxiety, self-anxiety, anxiety about the loved ones/relatives, children/child, weakness, feelings/ sensations, more/need, health).

Theoretical and/or practical significance. The obtained results of the study emphasize the importance of further studying the impact of the endured COVID-19 on a person’s personality and can be used in the development of programs of preventive and corrective measures to reduce possible negative consequences for the psychological health of Russian citizens.

Aim of the study was to identify the relationship between the Behavioral Activation System (BAS) and the behavior inhibition system (Behavioral Inhibition System – BIS), which form the basis of J. Gray’s theory of sensitivity to reinforcement, with sensitivity to threats and the choice of adequate or inadequate ways to respond in situations of danger to the contingent of students.

Methodology. The study involved 298 students of the Ivanovo State Medical Academy and Cherepovets State University, among which there are: men - 51 (17%), women – 247 (83%), average age -19.7 years old. The author’s questionnaires as diagnostic tools were used to identify sensitivity to threats and the choice of adequate or inadequate ways to respond in situations of danger, the Carver-White questionnaire modified by G. G. Knyazev for the diagnosis of BAS and BIS systems. The processing was carried out by using the criterion of the φ* – Fisher angular transformation, as well as the methods of correlation analysis.

Results. It has been found that sensitivity to threats, the choice of adequate ways of responding and ignoring dangers are associated with various BAS scales, and exaggeration of dangers is associated with the BIS scale. It is concluded that BAS/BIS systems determine the dynamic side of people’s attitude to dangers and explain the phenomena of exaggeration or ignoring of dangers to a greater extent than the choice of adequate ways to respond in situations of danger.

Theoretical and/or practical significance. The obtained results can be used in the activities, as well as in the process of formation an adequate type of attitude towards hazards among people.

Aim of this article is to determine some of the personality characteristics of young people who manifest in their social behavior extreme forms of social withdrawal and alienation called hikikomori.

Methodology. On the basis of the theoretical analysis and the empirical study on a sample of 272 people, some socio-psychological characteristics of hikikomori were clarified. The study involved young people aged 18 to 30, 68 of whom defined themselves as “hikikomori” and indicated that they have almost minimal contact with the outside world. The following methods were used: the author’s adaptation of the screening method for determining hikikomori HQ-25 (А. Тео); Questionnaire for measuring the level of escapism severity (T.N. Savchenko, O.I. Teslavskaya, E.V. Belovol, A.A. Kardapoltseva); Alienation test by Maddi et al. (SAQ, adaptation for adolescence by E.N. Osin (Osin, 2011); Questionnaire for the study of self-attitude (S.R. Panteleev). A comparative analysis of data in two groups of subjects, as well as a correlation and regression analysis were made.

Research implications. As a result of the comparative analysis of the experimental and control groups, it was noted that individuals with an acute form of social withdrawal (hikikomori) have such pronounced characteristics as general escapism, isolation, vegetativeness, impotence, nihilism, and a high level of alienation. In the entire sample of young people, high scores on the “problems of socialization” scale were noted. The features of self-attitude among hikikomori the dissatisfaction with their abilities was noted, as well as a feeling of weakness, doubts about the ability to command respect, and the belief that their personality causes disapproval and rejection in other people. In general, all indicators according to the Questionnaire for the study of self-attitude gravitate towards the negative pole.

Research implications. The results of the study expand the understanding of the hikikomori phenomenon, which is increasingly being recorded among young people in Russia, and also open up the prospect for developing psychological practices focused on the psychological correction of non-adaptive personality traits of people prone to acute forms of self-isolation and escapism.

Aim. The study of wise humanity in organizations (WHOs) of various types.

Methodology. A survey was conducted on the sample of 160 people (55 men and 105 women aged 22 to 48) from 12 different types of organizations operating under normal conditions (2 housing complex management companies, 2 construction organizations, 2 security companies, 95 people in total) and operating conditions (2 emergency-rescue, 2 searching, 2 diving stations involved in the production of investigative actions, a total of 65 people). The survey was conducted from 2019 to 2022. The modernized scales “Allophilia” by T. Pittinsky were used, as well as “Dominance” by J. Dakkit, self-assessment of wisdom by J. Webster, “Motivational profile” test by Martin and Ritchie, diagnostics of organizational culture by Quinn and Cameron, projective method of studying social identity by L.B. Shneider and V.V. Khrustaleva, methodology for assessing the socio-psychological atmosphere according to Fiedler, professional conditions, interpersonal interactions in a group according to Sishore.

Results. The model “Wise Humanity in Organization” (MHO) was designed and tested. The elements of the model were empirically verified. The significance for the R-analytics of various organizations personnel according to their affiliation is confirmed for the construct “Humanity in Organization”, which is part of the WHO model. The following statement is defined: the category “attitude towards other groups” remains basic, and the category “attitude towards the manager and colleagues” is more dependent on the situation. Another element of the model – “Self-assessment of wisdom” – significantly complements the integrative construct of the WHO. It was revealed that the indicator of wisdom is equally present in all the organizations. At the same time, it is larger for those performing operational tasks, and for those working under normal conditions, it is supplemented by experience and reflection descriptors. The third element of the WHO model is defined for all organizations as the dominant of the organizational culture (OC) “Order”. The absence of differences in organizations in terms of OC order (0.260) was revealed, the difference in OC ratio (0.01), creativity (0.03), professional identity of employees (0.02), motivation structure (0.01) in organizations were determined.

Research implications. The methodology of studying the WHO is substantiated, including the following principles “wisdom as a unifying idea of the organization”; “wisdom as a cognitive map of humanity”; “Love as the Path to Wisdom”; “the basis of humanity”; “wisdom as a principle of culture”; “wisdom as a tool for getting to know the humanity”.