Aim. To present the summarized results of empirical studies conducted over 20 years aimed at the study of Thanatos-centration. Methodology. The research was performed with the diagnostic toolkit including 13 diagnostic tools. Results. 1796 respondents took part in the research. The results of many years of empirical study make it possible to conclude that Thanatos centration happens gradually, as a person grows older. It increases in connection with the death of a close person. Thanatos centering captures the consciousness of people who work professionally with death as a powerful wave. It becomes especially evident among people who survived combat operations. Any information about the tragic events produces and “enlivens” the thanatos-centering at the moment of getting it and in the memories of it. It is fueled by cinematic and television products, that in conjunction leads to the addiction to it. Research implications. The research materials can help psychologists to consult a number of clients that thanatos-centering is practically squeezed out of consciousness and goes into acceptable latent forms, convenient for complacency in situations of well-being in life.

Aim. The aim of the study is to study the experience of anxiety about the future as a situational psycho-emotional state in the context of the coronavirus infection pandemic and the introduction of the self-isolation regime for the citizens of the Russian Federation. Methodology. The content analysis of written responses from Russian citizens about the impact of the self-isolation regime on their psycho-emotional state, daily life, and attitude to social changes that occurred in Russia after the world Health Organization declared the COVID-19 pandemic. Results. The method of content analysis made it possible to identify 11 significant contexts around which the statements of the respondents are grouped. Research implications. The obtained results of the study can be used in the development of programs of preventive and corrective measures to reduce the high level of anxiety about the future to the optimum among the citizens of the Russian Federation.

The research is devoted to the insufficiently known Internet-phenomenon - cyber-bullying in social networks. Cyber-bullying is a new field of knowledge and science, that is why there is a lack of scientific terminological base. Aim. To analyze the personal characteristics of cyber-bullying participants actively included in popular social networks. Methodology. The research was performed in on-line format. The respondents were offered a survey and a psychodiagnostic examination in accordance with the tasks of the study. The empirical research included the methods of a survey and testing. Results. The analysis of the features and transformations of the role structure of cyber-bullying in the network compared to the real-life bullying among users of popular social networks made it possible to reveal personal characteristics and behavioral strategies of its participants. Special attention should be paid to the “observers” of cyber-bullying: the more the respondent is an “observer” the more it is the possible for him to become the “initiator” of cyber-bullying (the moderate positive correlation between the scales “observer” and “initiator”). On the one hand, the previous experience of being an aggressor in the on-line context can become the factor which intensifies the negative behavior of observers. On the other hand, constant following the bullying in the net can result in the loss of sensitivity to other people’s feelings and may also result in fixing destructive forms of behavior owing to the feeling of impunity and anonymity in the on-line environment. Research implications. The results of the analysis of role profiles can be used for timely diagnostics of risk groups and improve the work of psychological services and specialized sites for the prevention of cyber-bullying.

Aim. To identify the predictors of satisfaction with living conditions in the city in two groups of parents of preschool children - “indigenous” and “non-indigenous” residents of the megalopolis. Methodology. To study the characteristics of parents and the family as a whole, the author’s questionnaire was used, revealing the social, socio-demographic, socio-psychological characteristics of parents and the space-temporal characteristics of the family’s residence in the megalopolis. To study the factors of satisfaction - the identity with the city and the parents’ value orientations the method “Scale of identification with the city” by Lalli M. and the methodology “Value orientation” by E. B. Fantalova were used. Results. It was found that the high level of satisfaction with living conditions in the megalopolis in both groups of respondents depends on the level of economic self-esteem and the relationship of young parents’ plans with life in the city. Differences in the determination of satisfaction of different groups of Muscovites are described. Research implications. The data obtained about the satisfaction of preschoolers’ parents will be analyzed in the context of the theoretical model of studying the factors of social-psychological well-being of the children living in the megalopolis.

Aim. To study the relationship of the means of obtaining everyday information with the social activity of young people. Methodology. The author conducted an empirical study in which respondents were asked to evaluate the frequency of various forms of social activity and the frequency of using various means of obtaining everyday information using the developed school questionnaires. Based on the correlation analysis, the paper presents a set of relationships between various forms of social activity and various groups of means of obtaining everyday information. Results. In the course of the study, it was found out that different groups of means aimed at obtaining everyday information differ in the number of forms of social activity, in terms of connections. It is established that the manifestation of different areas of social activity is not so much the form of the means of obtaining daily information as content and shaping the agenda, which in turn may have certain specificity, depending on the form of the means of obtaining everyday information. Research implications. The obtained results complement the theoretical picture of the study of factors affecting the manifestations of young people’s social activity. From the practical point of view, the results obtained can be used in planning and organizing social work with young people.

Aim. To analyze the first year students’ psychological adaptation to the learning process at a higher educational establishment using the example of National Research University “MPEI”. Methodology. The author analyzed and summarized the results of psychological tests of freshmen. During the research diagnostic projection techniques and forms of practice psychodiagnostic were used. Results. On the base of the obtained results, the progression of the psychologist’s work during social adaptation practice was described. The author determined the indicators of personal adaptive and communicative potential of students and compared their changes at the beginning and at the end of the first academic semester. Practical implications. Basic trainings have been developed for the formation of personal characteristics of freshmen, necessary for the successful learning and absorption of the student environment of the university and in the future professional career.

Aim. To determine the role of value orientations and personal characteristics by a five-factor model of personality as orientation factors in interaction with a partner and the prospect of relations in an unregistered marriage. Methodology. The theoretical basis is the resource-value approach to the social interaction analysis of joint life activity subjects. To study value orientations the method of “Value questionnaire” by Sh. Schwartz was used, to study personal characteristics the 50-point form from the “5-factor questionnaire” by L. Goldberg (edited by K.V. Sugonyayev) was used. The half- standardized interview was used to study the valuable social-demographic characteristics of the partner and to define the intensity of indices for relations perspective. The authors’ questionnaire was used to study the orientation in interaction with the partner in an unregistered marriage. Results. The phenomenon of relations promising nature is analyzed, the key personality factor of it in an unregistered marriage is the personal characteristic of kind-heartedness. It is established that the subject-value orientation in the interaction contributes to the prospects of relations, and the social-resource orientation inhibits the prospects of relations. Research implications. The results of the study can be used by practical psychologists in the field of family counseling, and can also be useful for creating programs in the field of family policy to strengthen the family values of young people.

Aim. To study the basis of a subjective assessment of one’s own age and the age of other people in ontogenesis. Temporal and social comparisons are considered to be such foundations, Methodology. This empirical study involved 145 residents of Moscow and Moscow region of 3 age groups: 20-30 years old, 40-50 years old, 60-70 years old. The methodological complex of the research included: the author’s questionnaire of socio-demographic data, specifying the questionnaire of subjective age (developed on the basis of the “Subjective age” methodology), and the projective methodology “30 photos”. Results. The article presents the age specificity of one’s own emotional age and estimates of how old another person looks like. It is established that with increasing age, the role of social comparisons in the process of assessing the age of other people rises, which increases the accuracy of estimates. Reliance on temporal foundations decreases the accuracy of the emotional age self-esteem. It was revealed that the respondents of all age groups are more accurate in assessing the age of peers than in assessing the age of people of other age categories. The assumption that there is certain difference in the bases for evaluating one’s own and other person’s age and a change in these bases in ontogenesis is confirmed. Research implications.. The data obtained expand the understanding of the mechanisms of subjective age and the estimation of the age of other people. They can also be used in psychotherapy and psychological counseling as a resource to achieve the full functioning of the personality.

Aim. To study the social and psychological environment of the school class under conditions of high educational requirements. Methodology. In conducting the research, the sociometric test, the composition «My school» and the method of diagnosing emotional attitude to learning, the method of determining self-esteem and the level of claims were used. Results. The study showed that the way in which educational activities are organized can be a significant regulator of interpersonal relations among schoolchildren, even in the absence of targeted educational efforts to form a community. The conclusions that the sociometric structure of a modern school class is conditioned by the content of the teaching and educational process and reflects the priorities of pedagogical intervention in specific educational settings are formulated. Research implications. The study obtained new data on the peculiarities of interpersonal relations among schoolchildren in the educational space of modern digital society.

Aim. To identify the personal factors of the victim behaviour of adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Methodology. The authors have analyzed scientific papers and empirical material on the study of the victim behavior of adolescents with intellectual disabilities and their personal characteristics. The article presents the materials of empirical research obtained on a sample of teenagers with intellectual disabilities, studying under the program of institutions of VIII type in the SEI “Tula Regional Education Center” (1, 2 departments) of the Tula city. The respondents aged 14-15 years (N=45) took part in the study. The stating experiment was used as the main method of research. In the course of the study the control group was not formed. Results. As a result of the correlation-regression analysis, a direct strong bond between emotional and behavioral factors was revealed; a direct moderate bond between volitional and behavioral factors, as well as an inverse moderate bond between emotional and volitional factors. Research implications. The personal factors of the victim behaviour of adolescents with intellectual disabilities were defined, which is important for the organization of psychological and pedagogical support to develop safe behaviour skills among such adolescents.

The article is devoted to the problems of psychological analysis of disorders of children with atypical mental development. Aim. To single out the psychological criteria for qualitative analysis of higher mental functions disorders in children with developmental disorders on the example of thinking disorders research. Methodology. The following methods are used in the study: “Disassembling and assembling the pyramid”, “Mailbox”, “Boards with subject tabs”, “SEGUIN Board”, “Split pictures”, “non-Verbal classifications”. To study the verbal-logical forms of thinking, the following methods were used: “Object classification”, “Exclusion of objects”, “Series of plot pictures”. In the map of observations of the experimental tasks performance the components of the structure of mental activity of thinking were marked: the level of actions, the level of operations, and the level of psychophysiological functions (in the course of the survey, these are the structures available for observation). In addition, the formation of the mental action parts was marked (indicative, executive and control one). They were studied as units of cognitive activity. Results. On the example of thinking disorders in children with atypical development, psychological analysis criteria are identified. Their effectiveness in solving psycho-corrective tasks is shown. Research implications. The selected parameters of thinking disorders and ways to compensate them allow us to develop a psycho-correction program based on significant signs of mental disorders, taking into account the leading factors of these disorders and the state of the child’s central nervous system.