The article is devoted to the assessment of readiness to live independently of pupils from orphanages and children left without parental care. The article also presents the analysis of gender differences in readiness for independent living of pupils from these organizations. In general the level of girls’ readiness is higher than boys’. Significant gender differences are revealed in one third of investigated parameters. The data obtained prove the necessity of changes in training programs and taking into account the gender specificity in socialization and social adaptation of inmates of orphanages.

Personal reflection is the basis of human self-understanding, the ability of an individual to reflect his own qualities, to be able to analyze and constructively solve difficult situations. Personal reflection helps increase stress tolerance of co-dependent women. The study reveals a direct relationship between the level of personal reflection and stress tolerance of co-dependent women. It is established that a higher level of constructive personal reflection have women who are not suffering from co-dependence than those who are co-dependent.

The aim of the research is to reveal the components of the professional reflection of police officers from different ethnic groups (Dagestani ethnic group and the Russian ethnic group). A.V. Karpov’s ethnic professional reflection model is complemented with such personality traits as the degree of the individual reflexivity development, satisfaction with the profession, professional consciousness, units of cultural values (“Equality”, “Mastery”, “Intellectual Autonomy”, “Affective Autonomy”, “Conservatism”, “Hierarchy”, and “Harmony”), as well as with the importance of professional development events, and motivation for work. The interdependence of professional reflection components is found out.

The article raises the problem of providing psychological support to people facing the old age crisis. The growing need in psychological care for older people is explained, on the one hand, by the peculiarities of personal and social development characteristic for this age period, and, on the other hand, by the phenomenon of population ageing. The content of the concept “old age crisis” is interpreted. The problem of determining the time frame of the old age as the age of human life period is put forward. The author’s program of providing them a psychological support is presented. The results of testing the program are given.

This article considers the psychological peculiarities and manifestation of telling lie, as well as its possible determinants. Its specificity is analyzed, female prisoners taken as an object of research. Essential distinctions of telling lies between law-abiding women and women-prisoners are investigated. That means that the research helped to identify the personality characteristics influencing the manifestation of lie, as well as the reasons which induce women to tell lies. Besides, the research disclosed the objects of telling lies, and the people they are more sincere; to whom they could (or could not) forgive a lie directed towards them; what kinds of lies, in their opinion, have the greatest negative potential, etc. The study also disclosed some factors influencing the specificity of telling lies.

The theoretical-methodological analysis of the problem of teaching adults a foreign language is presented in the article. The necessity of taking into account the features of the motivational and meaning sphere of adult students’ personality is substantiated. Such psychological characteristics as the personal meanings of training, motives of activity, valuable orientations comprising the motivational and meaning sphere of an adult’s personality give to the educational activity certain orientation, selectivity, force, dynamics and stipulate success in mastering a foreign language.

The article discusses the issue of changing the requirements to the conceptual parameters of the psychological culture of a technical university teacher. The author focuses on the study of professional communicative activities in the structure of a university teacher’s psychological culture. The communicative and analytical actions, as well as the diagnostic and projective ones are characterized in the structure of the studied phenomenon. The methodology of assessing the diagnostic results of the communicative-activity components index and its interpretation is developed and approved.

The neuropsychological research was carried out among 239 boys and 276 girls of preschool age and primary school age from two-parent families to study the influence of parents’ educational level on the formation of children’s higher mental functions. The influence of each of the parents was analyzed separately. Mother’s educational status is more important for the daughter’s development, and father’s education influences the sons’ to a greater extent. In relation to daughters, father’s education has an exclusive impact on kinesthetic functions. The higher father’s and mother’s educational levels are, the better sinistrocerebral functions, particularly auditory verbal ones, are formed in children of both sexes.