The article considers the basic approaches to
disambiguation and describes strategies of solving contradictions:
oriented to saving all the opposition alternatives
and directed at declining all of them except one. The empirical
research showed that students of military schools
who tend to save all the alternatives while solving contradictions
become more effective in learning.

The article presents the results of the study of
the specifics of the personal resources necessary for overcoming
difficult life situations and deviant crises by people
of mature age in various cultural and historical conditions.
The authors emphasize that the concept of self-realization
(self-updating) is quite wide and synthetic, it includes
comprehensive and continuous development of creative
and spiritual potential of a person, the maximum realization
of all his abilities, adequate perception of other people,
the world and their place in it, richness of their emotional
sphere and spiritual life, high level of mental health and
morality. The article shows the dependence of self-acceptance,
self-respect, ability to reflect upon life and vitality
components on the social and cultural features of the
countries and regions where the respondents come from.

It is shown that the formation of morbid attraction
to psychoactive substances has dual nature in the
form of motivation and personality disorders with disorders
of corporal components of the I image and special, affective
deviances of thinking. On the basis of combination of
psychopathological and neuropsychological analysis the
author singles out the mechanisms for actualization of the
morbid attraction. The data obtained enable to use a new
approach to psychological testing and treatment of patients
with addictions. In addition, this paper raises the question
of the correlation of neurochemical base and personality
superstructure in the process of pathological behavioral
phenomena formation.

A differential approach to a problem of studying
personality traits related to extreme life risk disease is
established and accomplished in the article. The aim of
the research project is to detect particular psychological
personality issues of transplant patients with life-threatening
disease. Article considers the results of a completed
examination of patients with liver and kidney transplants
from two experimental groups. A link between evidence in
patient organ transplantation and personal traits related to
extreme life risk situation is determined by experiment.

This article is analyzes the problem of psychological
defense phenomenon. Psychological defense is
considered to be a combination of actions aimed at reduction
or elimination of any change threatening a biopsychic
individuals wholeness and stability. The article presents
the research results of personalitys defense mechanisms,
people of different educational levels being taken as objects
of the research. There is a difference in the distribution
of protective mechanisms between the sexes. The
author has done the factorization of space for defense
mechanisms. The main types of profiles based on the individuals
defense mechanism factors are identified

The article is devoted to the study of modern
mothers notion about the pace of pre-schoolers development.
The article emphasises mothers urge towards
forcing a preschoolers development, which is implied as
acceleration of the development of a child at the expense
of acquiring skill and qualities peculiar for elder children.
Considerable proportion of samples has the notion of earlier
development of a child than it is accepted in developmental
psychology.

The article is devoted to the analysis of specific
features of a persons reflection development in the
structure of social capital, which is regarded as a mechanism
of social interaction, promoting increased cooperation
and dissemination of professional knowledge of future
professionals.
The paper presents a theoretical understanding of the
scientific problem and gives the results of an empirical research.
Particular attention is given to psychological and
pedagogic support of the process of future professionals
personal reflection development. This support is realized
by introducing acmeologic and psychocorrectional technologies
in order to enhance social capital.

The article describes special features of the
emotional environment of a foster family with adopted children
of secondary school age in comparison with the native
(blood) family. The authors mention the criteria of the
emotional environment of a family, its indicators and manifestations
in a foster family with the adopted child and in a
native family. There is given a detailed description of the
features of secondary school students emotional condition
in the two types of families, their emotional attitude to the
members of a replacing and native families. Besides, the
emotions of family members and the peculiarities of various
family systems are described. The article presents the
results of the adopted childrens attitude to their replacing
family and its members. On the basis of the research
performed it is shown that younger school students treat
their foster-mother more positively than the father. It is the
positive image of a foster-mother that is the basis of the
adopted childrens positive emotional state in a family. The
organization by parents of joint leisure activity takes special
place in creating the emotional environment of a family.

The article presents the research results of
family identity of the imprisoned women who have had a
baby during the term of serving their punishment. The article
considers the concept of family identity in structural,
attitudinal and cognitive aspects. Special attention is given
to the peculiarities of family identity the imprisoned women
have: broadening of the identified structure of a family; infringement
of generation sequences, opposition of male
and female structure of a family; connection of emotional
attachment to a family with its ill-being and the importance
of female structure; evidence of the destructive aspects of
parental attitude; an estimation of a family and themselves
as members of a family in ambivalent characteristics of being
in line with social norms and standards. The authors
single out qualitatively specific groups of the imprisoned
women taking into consideration the special features of
family identity. It is shown that for each group of women
there are certain family objects to whom they express
emotional non-acceptance.

Reactions of the teenagers who are engaged
in establishments of additional education of children and
young people, and pupils of comprehensive schools in reply
to frustrating situation are investigated. It is revealed
that the persons not making use of the additional education
facilities are less stable, steady, besides, their behavior
is less flexible. The author describes different levels of
influence on pupils and states it depends on the type of
their activities (music lessons, ballroom dancing, wrestling
and football). It is stated that there is certain influence of
training duration on childrens behavior in a frustrating situation.

The results of empirical investigation of gender
differences in predisposition for students manipulative
behavior are presented in the article. The results show
that predisposition for manipulative behavior is negatively
connected with the index of «femininity-masculinity». The
students with predisposition for manipulative behavior
have higher indices of masculinity and androgyny. Girls
and young men use different strategies of influence. Girls
are inclined to active and passive ways of action. They are
more open than young men. Young men are more closed.
They demonstrate their self-confidence and power. Besides,
girls and young men use different means of influence.
Young men prefer to conceal information and use
self-presentation. Girls show their helplessness, use false
compliments and secret aggression.

This article covers the problem of getting disorders
of locomotor apparatus by Russian adolescents. It
is stated that abnormalities of locomotor apparatus stimulate
the development of a concomitant psycho-pathological
situation. It is defined that the decrease of childrens
physical activity and the increase of static loads on a growing
spine influence the increasing number of childrens
faults of posture. This article considers the ways of solving
hypodynamia problems, problems of social maladjustment
and methods of increasing motivational sphere of adolescents.

The article presents the results of an exploratory
research carried out in Armenia by using a specially
developed questionnaire survey. The empirical study
clarified the concept of «genocide», which involves the
purposeful activity organized by a state or other authority
or public system with the purpose of complete or partial
destruction of a specific social group. The obtained data
allowed to conduct a preliminary assessment of the psychological
status and the relationship of the descendants
of the victims of the genocide to the genocide itself, as well
as to the ethnic group which committed genocide.

The article analyzes the possibilities of the
use by a teacher the resources of figurative and symbolic
thinking in the process of natural flow of activities (educational
and extra-curricular). Besides, the article presents
the analysis of students sense-transforming activities
which is purposefully organized by the teacher. Figurative
and symbolic way of thinking is considered to be a
specific type of teachers activities considered through his
search of the means to use, as well as through the product
of figurative and symbolic activities. The author considers
illustrative forms of using figurative and symbolic language
by the teacher, as well as the forms of the organization of
social and group educating activities with the purpose of
developing the students ability to express personal and
meaningful attitude to the world by figurative means.

The article reveals the essence and substance
of such social and educational phenomena, as
youth club culture and club activities. The article traces the
history of the creation and development of the childrens
club associations in Russia. The author specifies the content
of basic concepts of club activities and their definitions
used in national psychology and educational literature of
various historical stages. It is noted that the definition of
socializing and correction capabilities of youth club associations
for the development of the young person has become
especially vital for pedagogical theory and practice.
Besides, it is necessary to define the factors contributing to
the socialization of young people.

The article is devoted to various aspects of
investigation of the attitude towards a psychologist at an
educational institution. Educational process is a special
process of social interaction on the social system level in
which the subject-subject interaction implies a transformation
of the psychological attitude into the social and psychological
one. The article raises the question of reasons
causing different attitudes of the students to a psychologist,
their teachers and parents. Professional interaction
between a psychologist (as an expert integrated into the
educational process) and the recipients of psychological
help develops against a background of certain social
and psychological attitude and can affect its character. A
thesis was proposed that the subjects of the educational
process are collective subjects; the problem of attitude to
a psychologist as a representative of a social and professional
group is touched upon. The objectives of a school
psychologist and the issues of formation of his constructive
interaction with the subjects of the educational process are
within a problem field of social educational psychology.