On the basis of the constructive and critical analysis of contemporary Russian social psychology approaches to understanding of its object and subject the article provides a systemic and holistic view on social psychology, and presents a summary of approaches to understanding of its object, subject and issues. The main problems of social psychology include: social and psychological problems of groups and other communities of people; socio-psychological problems of an individual; socio-psychological problems of human interaction; social and psychological problems of mass social phenomena, processes, and kinds of mass activity, public awareness, and subcultures.

The article describes a specific aspect of socio-psychological interaction between father and daughter. The author studies the peculiarities of father’s image influence on forming a woman’s socio-psychological defensive mechanisms when she is at the stage of moving into adulthood. The research is based on S.Freud definition "psychological defence”, as well as on the data of Russian scientists who carried out investigations of teenagers’ behaviour. The comparative analysis of the sources and personal research performed by the author enable to draw the conclusion that women’s emotional infantile traumas, which they got in relationship with their fathers, results in non-adaptive behaviour, violation of gender-role identity; and lead to selecting an "ideal” partner in life who supports their traumatizing experience and is identical to their fathers.

The article enumerates main reasons and events resulting in children and adolescents’ suicidal behavior. The attitude, quickly formed by the media covering some tragic event, is a kind of stimulus that directs teenagers’ behavior towards fulfilling a particular scenario. The two suicidal scenarios: the forthcoming and the performed ones, have the more similarities the more similar are the demographic characteristics and difficulties experienced by adolescents. The article presents some WHO’s rules and recommendations for the media which enable to prevent directing and dynamic influence on suicidal behavior.

The article discusses the importance of reflection in deviant behavior psychoprophylaxis among adolescents. The model of reflection in the process of deviant behavior psychoprophylaxis among adolescents is described. Functions of reflection in the process of deviant behavior psychoprophylaxis among adolescents are as follows: diagnostic, motivational, designing, organizational, and notional. The article outlines the leading components of the reflection procedure in the process of deviant behavior psychoprophylaxis among adolescents. The indicators of the development state in different spheres of a teenager’s personality in the process of psychoprophylaxis.

The article studies the phenomenon of adaptive / non-adaptive behavior through the views of the main psychological schools. According to one of them, adaptive behavior is extremely inflexible and its benefits become obvious only in those environments in (or for) which it was formed. According to the other school, there exists some specific type of behavior characteristic only for the person, which may remain adaptive even without answering the criteria of functionality. The article defines the basic multimodal criteria of adaptive / non-adaptive behavior.

The article is devoted to the research of interaction of modern schoolchildren and college students with the nearest referential environment as a factor of their personal development. Approaches to the problem of personality and group reference as an important factor of interpersonal interaction are considered. The results of the empirical researches disclosing some laws of communication and interaction of schoolchildren and first-year students of college with some significant peers and adults are presented. It is shown that the sum total of referential relations of pupils with their nearest environment represents the complete system, the basis of which is interaction with parents, teachers, and peers. Thus, the parental family is perceived by pupils as the main reference group, and interpersonal relations outside this group are less important.

The main scientific views on the nature of mental states and approaches to their classification are outlined in the article. The article reflects the results of the conducted research of students’ negative mental states dynamics. The author suggests an approach to the classification of the types of complexes of mental states, based on the combination of different levels of states intensity, frustration, aggressiveness and rigidity. The author examines the internal ties of every complex of negative mental states. The peculiarities of negative mental states for every group of complexes are presented.

The article studies parents’ attitude to the child as a main, "basic” cause of child’s anxiety. The author demonstrates the benefits of family counseling integration with games, when the psychologist-consultant works with the pair of "mother-child”. The article suggests some strategies of the psychologist-consultant’s work with such types of parental attitudes as "symbiosis” (a parent feels united with his child, strives to meet all his needs, difficulties and troubles of life) and "hyper-socialization” (unreserved obedience and discipline are required from the child).

This article presents the materials of empirical study of an under-investigated psychological problem of the impact of married women’s gender-role identity types on their sexual behavior. The following factors and criteria are determined: adaptive and non-adaptive forms of women’s sexual behavior; types of gender-role identity. The author’s approach to the use of S. Bem’s gender-role questionnaire is demonstrated. The author describes the factor structure of sexual behavior of married women with various types of their gender-role identities. The dependence of married women’s sexual behavior on the type of their gender-role identities is proved.

The given article considers the parents’ images as a result of their upbringing impact on young men’s personality. The article presents the comparison of parents’ images inherent to two groups: the group of subculture representatives, demonstrating all the attributes of their subcultures, and the group of ordinary young people. Subculture is defined as a socio-psychological phenomenon of young people’s adaptation to the problems of living on their own. The author offers a hypothesis that it is the specific traits of their parents’ character that make young people join the subcultures. The article mentions the following features of such young people’s parents as: authoritarianism and behavioral hostility; as well as such personal traits as hard-heartedness and rigidity.

Inter-group interaction processes, such as: perception, evaluation, comparison, competition, discrimination, adaptation, cooperation, etc. take special place in spiritual life of any organization. These processes have their immediate results, and exert influence on a lot of personal and interpersonal manifestations. The studies of intergroup processes result in making them an organic part of management. University course for administrators, counselors and other professionals includes theoretical and practical study of the patterns of intergroup relations, contributes to the formation of a new generation of leaders and a new management culture.

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical problems of manifestation of psychological and behavioural characteristics of the staff -members belonging to a certain social sex. On the basis of the theoretical and methodological analysis of gender features manifestation in interpersonal conflicts, the author comes to the conclusion that the process under study has a rather difficult nature of development and its own peculiarities. The article presents the author’s model of gender features manifestation in interpersonal conflicts.

The article presents the characteristics of the most popular constituent of projective techniques: Rorschach, Holtzman and Exner’s "integrative systems”. The article covers the brief structure and theoretical basis for the construction and interpretation of test results. The author examines the possibilities of diagnostics of personal and professional qualities of the staff performed with the use of such techniques while expertizing at the initial stage and at the middle stage. The author makes conclusions about the reliability of the diagnostic results; the possibility of using it in a group, due to the optimal disguise of the experiment; and about its validity as a diagnostic technique used for assessing the specialists’ professionalism. The article analyzes the possibilities of the scales processing and interpretation. Besides, the methods of encoding and decoding of the information about the personality of the person tested are analyzed. The article presents the results of the work with Rorschach’s test in a clinical setting and the modification of this technique in professional diagnostics and consulting.

The article examines an insufficiently investigated psychological problem of detecting the influence of a teachers’ personality professional deformation on teenager’s behavior. Though there are a lot of works, devoted to studying the professional deformations of a personality and development of proneness to conflict as a trait of character, the author states that the specific features of interconnection of these two phenomena are not investigated yet. The author proves that there’s a necessity of applying the systematic and psychological approach to studying a teacher’s professional deformation. The author emphasizes that the professional deformation of a teacher, caused by the specific character of his activity, leads to destructions in both personal and the communicative spheres. Such deformation is one of the factors of causing teenagers’ proneness to conflict development.

The article presents the explanation of the theoretical model of personal and professional competence formation of students, who are studying to become social workers. Besides, the article presents the experimental results of psychological and pedagogical correction of their personal and professional competence in the system of higher education. The process of acquiring personal and professional competence by future social workers is based on their understanding of an interiorization in the domestic theory of activity, both in internal, mental acquisition, and in the acquisition of new behavioural patterns.